CWEA Grade 4 Practice Test 2025 - Free CWEA Grade 4 Practice Questions and Study Guide

Question: 1 / 405

A solution with a pH of 5 has a concentration of hydrogen ions that is how many times higher than a solution with a pH of 7?

10 times higher

50 times higher

100 times higher

The pH scale is logarithmic, which means that each whole number change on the scale represents a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration. A solution with a pH of 7 is considered neutral, with a hydrogen ion concentration of \( 10^{-7} \) moles per liter. When you move to a solution with a pH of 5, which is 2 units lower, the hydrogen ion concentration increases.

To determine how much higher the hydrogen ion concentration is in the pH 5 solution compared to the pH 7 solution, you can calculate it as follows:

- Each decrease of 1 in pH corresponds to a tenfold increase in hydrogen ion concentration. Therefore, moving from a pH of 7 to a pH of 6 increases the concentration by 10 times, and moving from pH 6 to pH 5 increases it by another 10 times.

So the calculation can be summarized as:

From pH 7 to 6: \( 10 \times \)

From pH 6 to 5: \( 10 \times \)

Multiplying these changes together gives:

\( 10 \times 10 = 100 \)

Thus, the hydrogen ion

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